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How to choose the most suitable insurance policy for your needs

Life does not always go to plan and if you have a mortgage and bills to pay, a change in your circumstances could have a significant impact on your financial situation or your family’s future. If at some point you are unable to work due to illness or injury, financial protection solutions can help you and your family to navigate difficult times.

Choosing the most suitable insurance policy for your needs will give you peace of mind that your family and assets will be financially protected if you become critically ill, have an accident or die. 

Assessing your personal and financial situation

The type of insurance cover you require will depend on factors such as whether you have any dependents, how much your outgoings are and whether you have a mortgage to pay.

There are many different types of insurance products to choose from, and it is important to ensure that you review your personal and financial situation to identify the type and level of cover that you need.

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Around 2.8 million working aged people in the UK were economically inactive in 2025 due to ill-health. This represents a 40% increase since 2019.

Key factors to consider when choosing a policy

When assessing your insurance needs, these are the key factors to consider:

  • The amount outstanding on your mortgage
  • Other essential monthly and annual expenses such as bills, car loans, groceries, etc.
  • If you have dependents, how much money they will need and for how many years
  • Any savings that you can access to provide financial support
  • How much you currently earn, including salary and any other income
  • If you have a spouse/partner, consider how much their income is
  • Whether sickness benefits and death-in-service benefits are provided by your employer and how much this covers

Comparing different types of insurance cover

These are the most common types of protection insurance available and what they cover:

  • Critical illness. A critical illness policy provides payouts if you are diagnosed with a serious illness such as cancer, have major surgery, a heart attack or stroke, for example. The cover typically includes mortgage payments, lost income and bills and some policies also include the costs of private medical treatment.
  • Life assurance. This type of cover provides a payout to a nominated beneficiary if you die. The payout is provided as a lump sum that can be used to cover financial commitments and funeral costs. You can decide how much that you want to pay in monthly premiums to guarantee a specific amount of payout.
  • Family income benefit. If you die within the policy term, your cover provides monthly or annual payments to your family.
  • Income protection. If you are unable to work due to medical reasons, such as an injury or illness, you will receive a monthly payment to cover your lost income.

Understanding exclusions and limitations

When you are comparing different insurance solutions, it is important to read the terms and conditions in the policy wording, as you do not want to discover that your insurance will not pay out for an exclusion that you were unaware of.

The most common types of exclusions and limitations on financial protection products include:

  • Pre-existing medical conditions may be excluded
  • High-risk occupations may have limited cover
  • Lifestyle-related exclusions such as alcohol misuse or smoking
  • Non-disclosure of information can void your cover
  • There may be time limitations such as a set period before payments start
  • Some income protection policies only cover a percentage of income rather than your full income amount
  • Some types of insurance expire when you reach a certain age

Another detail to check is whether the definition of incapacity to work is related to your own occupation or for any type of work.

Tips for finding a cost-effective policy

Insurance cover can be expensive and if you have many other expenses to pay for, finding the most cost-effective policy will ensure that you are not paying for more cover than you actually need. 

Assessing your exact financial needs and considering your main priorities will enable you to find the most suitable and cost-effective type of cover. For example, if the financial future of your dependents is your main priority, taking out life assurance may be the most suitable option and other types of cover are less important to you.

You can make adjustments to your cover to reduce your monthly payments, such as choosing a product that covers a smaller percentage of income rather than the full income amount if you think this will be sufficient. Some policies also provide the option to pay a higher excess/have a longer deferral period to lower payments.

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The role of an excess and premiums in policy selection

Unlike other insurance policies like home and motor cover, where the excess is an amount you have to pay when you make a claim, financial insurance excess is reflected in the deferral period for payouts.

You can lower premiums by choosing a policy that has a waiting period of 4, 8, 12 or more weeks. If you have some savings that will cover a waiting period or your employer provides sick pay for a certain period, critical illness cover with a higher excess may be more suitable for your circumstances.

When deciding on an excess level, consider how long you could realistically cover your expenses if you were unable to work. 

How your health and lifestyle affect policy costs

When you take out an insurance policy, the insurer will assess the risk level that you present, and this involves reviewing your medical history. If your medical history shows previous serious illnesses or chronic conditions, you are more likely to make a claim and the insurer will base policy costs on this higher level of risk. This means you will have higher premiums than someone taking out the same cover with no previous serious health issues. Some insurers may also insert exclusions related to the specific illness or condition. 

When to review and update your insurance policy

Your circumstances will change over time, so regular reviews of your insurance policy are highly recommended. Checking your current position on an annual basis will ensure that you are not over-insured or under-insured. You can also assess whether there are more suitable or more cost-effective policies now available to choose from.

In addition to annual reviews, you may want to update your insurance policy if there are any life changes such as: 

  • Taking out a new mortgage
  • Paying off your mortgage
  • A change of income
  • Receiving inheritance
  • Getting married or divorced
  • Having a child
  • Dependents starting work and becoming financially independent
  • Health or lifestyle changes (improvements could reduce your premiums)

The benefits of using an insurance adviser

With so many different insurance policy types and cover variances between products, understanding what the most suitable product is for your specific needs and priorities can be overwhelming.

Using the expertise of an insurance adviser will help you to build a better idea of how much cover you realistically need and which types of cover will be most beneficial to you and your family. 

An insurance adviser will perform a comprehensive review of your financial and personal position and use their insurance market knowledge to advise you on the most suitable options based on your unique circumstances.

How to avoid common mistakes when buying insurance

Before choosing your insurance policy, you can avoid common mistakes by doing the following:

  • Do not base your decision solely on the lowest price
  • Review the full policy details including exclusions and limitations
  • Make sure you have accurately calculated the amount of cover you need to avoid over-insuring or under-insuring
  • Disclose all information to avoid the risk of a rejected claim

Understanding policy renewal terms and conditions

When policies are due for renewal you will be sent new terms and conditions, which you should read carefully to check whether they have introduced any changes. For example, the conditions may have been adjusted due to factors such as your age or recent health changes.

Insurers sometimes change premiums to reflect the current market conditions, or they may add exclusions or limitations that were not previously included in your policy terms. 

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FAQs

Do I need life insurance with my mortgage?

Whilst it is not a legal requirement, if you have a mortgage and dependents, life insurance provides you with peace of mind that your family will not lose their home if you die.

What affects the cost of financial protection?

The main factors that insurers use to determine your insurance costs include your age, health, lifestyle and occupational risk. How much cover you require will also impact the cost of insurance.

What happens if I do not disclose information when I take out insurance?

If an insurer discovers that you have not fully disclosed information, your claim could be rejected even if you have been paying premiums.

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